Midge Additions Increase Arthropod Densities

What arthropod brains say about arthropod phylogeny.

W hat can we learn from the brain of a single member of a species? If the brain is that of a remipede, the focus of a report by Fanenbruck et al. (1) in this issue of PNAS, the answer is something new about arthropod phylogeny. The Remipedia, discovered in 1979, are crustaceans found deep in the waters of coastal caves (2, 3). To date, twelve species of remipedes are known: one from a single ca...

Additions and Corrections

PDBsum additions

PDBsum, http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum, is a website providing numerous pictorial analyses of each entry in the Protein Data Bank. It portrays the structural features of all proteins, DNA and ligands in the entry, as well as depicting the interactions between them. The latest features, described here, include annotation of human protein sequences with their naturally occurring amino acid variants,...

Midge: Generating Descriptions of Images

We demonstrate a novel, robust vision-tolanguage generation system called Midge. Midge is a prototype system that connects computer vision to syntactic structures with semantic constraints, allowing for the automatic generation of detailed image descriptions. We explain how to connect vision detections to trees in Penn Treebank syntax, which provides the scaffolding necessary to further refine ...

Inherited microbial symbionts increase herbivore abundances and alter arthropod diversity on a native grass.

Some microbial symbionts of plants are maternally inherited and thus functionally increase genetic and phenotypic variation within plant populations. This variation, coupled with that of the host plant and environment, may alter abundances, diversity, and trophic structure of associated plant and animal communities. Fungal endophytes in the genus Neotyphodium are vertically transmitted, asexual...